CHEM 1212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Intermolecular Force, Atomic Orbital, Molar Mass
17 Feb 2017
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11. 2 properties of the three phases of matter: fixed = keeps shape when placed in a container. Indefinite = takes the shape of the container ice and liquid water > steam. Molar volumes of ice and liquid water are much closer to each other than to steam. Kinetic molecular theory state a material depends on factors: kinetic energy the particles possess. The strength of attraction between the particles: these two factors are in competition with each other, the average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the temperature. Keavg = 1. 5 kt: for gas: large kinetic energy, negligible intermolecular forces, easy flow, low density and compressibility; complete translational, rotational and vibrational motion, for solid: strong intermolecular forces, low kinetic energy, translational or rotational motion. Only vibrational motion: for liquid: enough attractive forces, kinetic energy can only partially overcome them with limited translational or rotational freedom. Intermolecular attractions are due to attractive forces between opposite charges.
