PSY E112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Rosalie Rayner, Naturalistic Observation, Object Permanence
Document Summary
John b. watson & rosalie rayner about world. Watson- conditioning was primary mechanism through which children learn. Tested role of classical conditioning in acquisition of fear responses. Baby albert reached for one stimuli and researchers produced loud noise (scared albert) After a few exposures to the rat and noise, albert demonstrated fear response to rat alone. Generalized fear to other stimuli (rabbits, dogs, etc. ) People repeat behaviours that are rewarded (reinforcement) and avoid those with. Receiving attention is powerful reinforce for young children. Harder to extinguish behaviour that intermittently reinforced (not always reward) than one that is consistently reinforced. Reinforce unwanted behaviour by giving into demands. Child behaviour is affected by environment and interactions with environment. Children little scientists (explore their environment) Humans develop through series of 4 stages (based on naturalistic observation) Cognitive abilities develop in stages and similar aged children have similar cognitive abilities (children of similar ages make similar errors in problem solving)
