SCILIVSY 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Francis Collins, Victorian Era, Human Genome Project
19 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lies%at%the%heart%of%all%biology
○
The%understanding%of%who%we%are,%both%as%individuals%and%as%a%species
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The$Origin$of$Species !"#$%&#'#(&#()*(+,'(-)+")-(+,$+(.'(,&/$-#($0'("-(
#)/'(.$1(#'+($2$0+(*0)/(+,'(-$+&0$3(.)03!4(%&+("+($3#)(20)5"!'#($(
/'6,$-"#/4(-$+&0$3(#'3'6+")-4(.,'0'%1($!$2+$+")-(77 +,$+('89&"#"+'(*"+()*(
)0:$-"#/#(+)(+,'"0('-5"0)-/'-+(77 6$-($0"#'(."+,)&+(!"5"-'("-+'05'-+")-
○
Evolution
•
Creationists:%bible%fundamentalists
•
;0$-6"#(<)33"-#= an%American%physician-geneticist%noted%for%his%discoveries%of%
disease%genes%and%his%leadership%of%the%Human%Genome%Project
•
No%necessary%conflict
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Huxley%ridicules%Wilberforce,%ultimately%claiming%he%would%
rather%be%the%descendant%of%an%ape%than%Wilberforce
□
>"3%'0*)06':%wrote%pro-Darwinian%paper,%later%to%attack%Darwinian%
theory%
§
Post-Origin:%Huxley%vs.%Wilberforce
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?&+3'0(@6+(AB'--'##''(CDEFG=(unlawful%for%any%teacher%or%university%
to%teach%lessons%that%conflict%with%the%theory%of%Divine%Creation%of%
man%as%taught%in%the%Bible
§
HIJI@H<K(LMHI(KIHI
§
The%Scopes%Trial
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Religion%Vs.%Science
•
Darwin%expresses%to%Wallace% his%gloomy%view%of%the%future%of%
humanity%on%the%ground%that%in%our%modern%civilization%natural%
selection%had%no%play,%and%the%fittest%did%not%survive.%Those%that%
succeed%in%the%race%for%wealth%are%by%no%means%the%best%or%the%most%
intelligent
§
Middle%class%families%with%"good%genes"%were%only%
having%small%families%and%those%with%bad%genes%were%
out-reproducing%the%good%ones
®
The%poorest%and%most%depraved%were%the%ones%with%the%
biggest%families
□
Natural%selection%was%apparently%no%long%operating%in%Victorian%
Britain
§
To%promote%his%work%dissecting%the%roles%of%inheritance%and%
rearing%the%in%the%careers%of%prominent%men,%Galton%
introduced%what%he%called% "N@BOHI(BM(NOHBOHIP
□
;0$-6"#(Q$3+)-(AR$0."-S#(6)&#"-G
§
A%Socio-Genetic%Crisis
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For%Galton,%nature%(genetically%inherited%propensities)%most%
definitely%trumps%nurture%(learnt%propensities)
§
Self-directed%Human%Evolution
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Eugenics:%the%study%of%or%belief%in%the%possibility%of%improving%the%
qualities%of%the%human%species%or%a%human%population,%especially%by%
such%means%as%discouraging%reproduction%by%persons%having%genetic%
defects%or%presumed%to%have%inheritable% undesirable%traits%(negative%
eugenics)%or%encouraging%reproduction%by%persons%presumed%to%
have%inheritable%desirable%traits%(positive%eugenics)
§
M3"5'0(>'-!'33(K)3/'#
§
Positive%Eugenics:%Better%Babies
○
A%full-bore%eugenic-cum-totalitarian%world%in%which%both%
positive%and%negative%eugenics%are%freely%wielded%by%the%state
□
;0$-6"#(Q$3+)-S#(Kantsaywhere
§
From%Eugenics%to%Genocide
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Either%offers%parents%an%opportunity%to%prepare%for%a%child%
with%needs%that%need%to%be%met,%or%occasionally%leads%to%an%
abortion
□
Introduction%of%prenatal%genetic%testing%let%expecting%parents%find%
out%in%advance%whether%their%child%will%be%born%with%a%major%
disability%or%terminal%disease
§
Modern%Eugenics
○
Science%in%the%Service%of%Social%Agenda
•
Lecture'#2'Notes
Saturday,%October% 1,%2016
3:41%PM
Document Summary
The understanding of who we are, both as individuals and as a species. Francis collins: an american physician-geneticist noted for his discoveries of disease genes and his leadership of the human genome project. Wilberforce: wrote pro-darwinian paper, later to attack darwinian theory. Huxley ridicules wilberforce, ultimately claiming he would rather be the descendant of an ape than wilberforce. Butler act (tennessee 1925): unlawful for any teacher or university to teach lessons that conflict with the theory of divine creation of man as taught in the bible. Darwin expresses to wallace his gloomy view of the future of humanity on the ground that in our modern civilization natural selection had no play, and the fittest did not survive. Those that succeed in the race for wealth are by no means the best or the most intelligent. Natural selection was apparently no long operating in victorian. The poorest and most depraved were the ones with the.
