PSYC 2101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Observer-Expectancy Effect, Observational Error, Dependent And Independent Variables
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Increase rates of attention (people drop out of experiment) Pitfalls: confounding variables- variables that vary along with independent variable of interest. Manipulating the iv: straightforward manipulation- use simple instructions, conditions, or materials to create your two groups (stress/blood pressure example, staged manipulation- create some psychological state in the participants (induce mood, make some people self-objectify, etc. ) [milgram: manipulation check- procedure to make sure manipulation as effective (construct validity) Pitt falls: demand characteristics- any feature of study that might inform participants of the purpose of the experiment; causing the participant to subconsciously change their behavior to fit the interpretation. Can be addressed through filler items, cover stories/deception, placebos: researcher or experimenter bias- can be addressed through a double-blind design. Neither researcher nor participant knows which condition the participant is in. Lecture 17: designing and conducting experiments: factorial designs- when you have more than one iv.
