PSYC 317 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Representativeness Heuristic, Utility, Perseveration
20 Aug 2016
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Chapter 13 - reasoning and decision making deductive reasoning: cognitive processes based on premises and lead to definite conclusions syllogism: basic form of deductive reasoning. Conclusion: therefore, all birds eat food categorical syllogism: premises and conclusions that describe the relation between 2 categories by using all, no, or some. Depends on form of syllogism, not on content. If the 2 premises are true, the conclusion must be true. Syllogism is valid if premises are correct, but for is not examining performance in judging syllogisms. Evaluation: present 2 premises and a conclusion, and ask people to indicate whether the conclusion logically follows from the premises. Productions: present 2 premises and a conclusion, and ask people to form a conclusion that logically follows the premises. Error rates can be as high as 70-80% Depend on abstractness of statement; fewer errors with concrete statements.
