PSB-2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Implicit Learning, Premature Ejaculation, Cytokine
Document Summary
Motivated behaviors (hormones play a major role: reward-seeking, response to stressors/emotion, feeding, mating behaviors, sleeping. Hormones/endocrines: chemicals released from glands that travel through the blood to act at a distant target. Classes of hormones: amino acid derivatives. Epinephrine from adrenal medulla: peptides and proteins. Insulin and glucagon from pancreas; melatonin from pineal: steroids. Enter cells and bind to receptors in cytoplasm or nucleus. Sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone) and stress hormones (cortisol) Sweat glands: only organs whose primary function is hormone release are referred to as endocrine glands. Hormonal axes: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, all axes are modulated by hormones. E. g. nutients: the anterior pituitary is glandular tissue, meaning that it makes and secretes hormones. This hormone production/release is controlled by the hypothalamus which is directly above the pituitary: the posterior pituitary is neural tissue. It contains hormone-secreting terminal buttons of axons whose cell bodies lie within the hypothalamus.
