ANT 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 63: Stone Wall, Volcanic Glass, Uruk Period
Document Summary
Neolithic = grinding and polishing of stone tools. Dependence on food production farming and herding (neolithic revolution) Domesticates spread across eurasia as similar climate in the same latitude allowed similar plants and animals to thrive. Area between the tigris and euphrates rivers. Fertile crescent - contrasting environments that were geographically close (vertical economy) Broad-spectrum foragers moved and traded among zones. Large area of mediterranean climate diversity of available animal species. Llama = only large animal domesticates (south america) Consequences of moving from food collection to food production. Food producers work more hours than foragers. Transition to food production in the middle east. 7000 bc: irrigation systems using springs in foothills. 6000 bc: irrigation systems in dry lowland. Key attributes of primary states in the middle east. Development of predictive sciences (arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy) Debris of mud brick structures build repeatedly in the same location. Only a small number of tells have been excavated by archaeologists.
