ANT 2511 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Catarrhini, Paranthropus Aethiopicus, Australopithecine
Names of three robust Australopithecines
A. robustus
A. boisei
A. aethiopicus
Robust Australopiths
Robust features in cranium only- they have large muscles of mastication, a large face, sagittal crest.
When was the great hominin divergence?
2mya
When did all Australopithecines go extinct?
By 1mya
A. garhi (2.5 mya)
Possibly the first tool maker and possibly ancestral to Homo.
A. africanus (2.4-2.9 mya)
From S. Africa, first australopithecine found, in 1924.
Two strepsirhine characteristics that differentiate them from haplorhines
smaller brain
larger snout
Two catharrhine characteristics that differentiate them from platyrrhines
2-1-2-3 dental formula
bony ear tube
Document Summary
Names of three robust australopithecines: robustus, boisei, aethiopicus. Robust features in cranium only- they have large muscles of mastication, a large face, sagittal crest. Possibly the first tool maker and possibly ancestral to homo: africanus (2. 4-2. 9 mya) From s. africa, first australopithecine found, in 1924. Two strepsirhine characteristics that differentiate them from haplorhines smaller brain larger snout. Two catharrhine characteristics that differentiate them from platyrrhines. Two platyrrhine characteristics that differentiate them from catarrhines side-directed nostrils some have prehensile tails. Two haplorhine characteristics that differentiate them from strepsirhines postorbital closure dry nose. Two differences between hominoids and cercopithecoids broad thorax no tail. No, the ratios would remain the same regardless of size. Four main functional types of posterior dentitions in mammals. Holistic view of an adaptation: anatomy and associated use of a feature (form-function relationship). Bunodont molars to crush and grind down many different foods.
