PSYC 330 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Impression Management, Terror Management Theory, Social Comparison Theory
28 Jun 2018
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3 Facets of the Self:
Descriptive: Self-Concept (SC)
Evaluative: Self-Esteem (SE)
Social: Identity (ID)
Self-Concept:
Knowledge of ME
The idea of who you are develops over the lifespan
oStarts out earlier and can be noticed in kids
o18-24 months: self recognition
oRouge test: Looks in the mirror and finds a red spot on his head, if they have developed
self recognition they will touch their forehead instead of the mirror
oCertain primates - elephants, dolphins also show this ability
oSelf recognition is required for pretend play, using personal pronouns
oAs children grow, they engage in self comparison and also develop private self concept -
aware that only they know their thoughts, feelings
oThe final stage includes perspective taking - taking others' perspectives into
consideration which can lead to self consciousness. Objective self awareness - seeing
yourself as an object of others' attention
Adolescence: Going through the stage of identity vs role confusion
Functions -
oExperiencing/trying new things to explore more about oneself
oOrganizes "self relevant info" - how do I view myself (if my thoughts are organized well, I
can process information better)
oHelps us relate to the world; sense of agency - planning actions according to who's
around, what my goals are
oMotivates us to pursue goals - possible selves
Ideal self - what the person wants to be - seek promotion focus goals that give
pleasure
Ought self - what others want them to be - seek prevention focus goals that
give relief
Culture variations in SC -
oIndependent cultures -
individualist cultures observed in western cultures.
Self is separate, autonomous
Importance is placed on
Individual needs, strengths, goals
Consistency
oInterdependent cultures -
Collectivist cultures observed in eastern cultures, esp Japan
Self = connected to others, relational
Importance is placed on
Needs of groups/others
Maintaining harmony
Studying SC cross-culturally
oKitayama - standardized the "I am" statements
Agentic vs communal traits - talk about oneself in the context of oneself
(agentic) or in the context of others and how you help others (communal)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
The idea of who you are develops over the lifespan. Starts out earlier and can be noticed in kids. Rouge test: looks in the mirror and finds a red spot on his head, if they have developed o o o self recognition they will touch their forehead instead of the mirror o o. Certain primates - elephants, dolphins also show this ability. Self recognition is required for pretend play, using personal pronouns: as children grow, they engage in self comparison and also develop private self concept - aware that only they know their thoughts, feelings o. The final stage includes perspective taking - taking others" perspectives into consideration which can lead to self consciousness. Objective self awareness - seeing yourself as an object of others" attention. Adolescence: going through the stage of identity vs role confusion. Ideal self - what the person wants to be - seek promotion focus goals that give pleasure.
