PHYSIOL 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Active Transport, Extracellular Fluid, Electrochemical Gradient
Document Summary
Osmotic force: pulling force , water moves from low solute to high solute concentration: proteins (k, na, red blood cells) in plasma produce osmotic force, absorption force: proteins have a pulling force that wants fluid/water from interstitial area. Recap: capillary hydrostatic pressure pushes water into interstitial fluid vs interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure pushing fluid against capillary. Recap: osmotic force due to plasma protein that pulls water from interstitial vs osmotic force due to proteins in interstitial (na in ecf) that pulls fluid from capillary. Active transport: atp energy required: primary and secondary active transport. Translocation: ligand gates and voltage gated channels. Ion movement influenced by electrical gradients: attracted by opposite charges & repelled by like charges. Ion movement combination of concentration (chemical) gradient and electrical gradient: called electrochemical gradient \ Utilizes atp directly as the energy source in the first step. Na+/k+ atpase exchange pump (sodium potassium pump)
