PSYCH-190 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Erik Erikson, Toilet Training, Genital Stage
21 Jun 2020
School
Department
Course
Professor
Psych 190
Psych of Adolescence
Spring 2018
Psychoanalytic Perspective:
● Development proceeds through stages defined by conflicts between bio drives, social
expectations
● The way conflicts are resolved shapes all aspects of development
● Freud’s theory of psychosocial development
● Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development
● View children (and adults) involved in conflict
o Internal drives and urges
o Internalize ‘external’ demands and rules
● Stages theories
o Distinct periods of development
● Early experience influences later development
● Psychosexual stages of development
● Unconscious feelings can affect behavior
Psychoanalytic Theories
● Best known Theorists:
○ Sigmund Freud
○ Erik Erikson
Freudian psychoanalysis
● Freud conceptualized the human personality in terms of three distinct systems:
○ Id: works according to the pleasure principle: immediate gratification, and is
unconscious
○ Ego: tries to negotiate realistic ways to satisfy id’s impulses
○ Superego: represents moral branch of personality and contains our- ethical
principles, ideals and conscience
● In order to demonstrate the significance of the Id, Freud mapped out his famous 5
psychosexual stages of personality development
○ Stage 1(0-1) Oral
■ Sucking and biting
■ Early weaning or breast-fed too long
■ Fixation: nail-biting, smoking, “biting wit”
○ Stage 2(2-3) Anal
■ Control and elimination of waste
■ Excessively strict or permissive toilet training
■ Fixation: anal-retentive (neatness) or anal expulsion (sloppiness)
○ Stage 3 (3-7) Phallic
■ The discovery of the genitals and sex roles
■ Oedipus Complex; “Penis Envy”
■ When its over, identify with mother and father
■ Parent-child conflict over masturbation
■ View same-sex parent as rival
Document Summary
Development proceeds through stages defined by conflicts between bio drives, social expectations. The way conflicts are resolved shapes all aspects of development. View children (and adults) involved in conflict: internal drives and urges, internalize external" demands and rules. Stages theories: distinct periods of development. Freud conceptualized the human personality in terms of three distinct systems: unconscious. Id: works according to the pleasure principle: immediate gratification, and is. Ego: tries to negotiate realistic ways to satisfy id"s impulses. Superego: represents moral branch of personality and contains our- ethical. In order to demonstrate the significance of the id, freud mapped out his famous 5 principles, ideals and conscience psychosexual stages of personality development. Fixation: anal-retentive (neatness) or anal expulsion (sloppiness) The discovery of the genitals and sex roles. When its over, identify with mother and father. The id goes underground; the sexual urges are sublimed to safe activities identification reigns. Desire sexual gratification through intercourse w/ another.
