BIOSC-101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Lysogenic Cycle, Lytic Cycle, Prophage
21 Dec 2020
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Document Summary
Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic reproductive cycles. The lytic cycle results in the death of the host cell by lysing the host cell"s cell wall. Last stage of infection, during which the bacterium lyses (breaks open) and releases the phages that were produced within the cell. Each of these phages can then infect a healthy cell and a few successive lytic cycles can destroy an entire bacterial population in just a few hours. A phage that reproduces only by the lytic cycle is called a virulent phage. The lysogenic cycle replicates the phage genome without destroying the host. The viral dna molecule is incorporated into the host cell"s chromosome. Enzymes will cut the host chromosomes and the dna of the viruses are inserted and reattached. This integrated viral dna is known as a prophage. Every time the host divides, it copies the phage dna and passes the copies to daughter cells.
