GEN-3000 Lecture 4: GeneticsChapter 4:Alleles
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Allele: looking at di erent forms of a gene. Loss-of-function mutation: the protein is losing its ability in some way to carry out its job. Null allele: complete loss of function-allele is not doing its job. Gain-of-function mutation: the protein is now doing something extra-doing a job it"s not supposed to or doing it better. Neutral mutation: di erent alleles but the function of the protein does not change. Gene interaction: sometimes multiple genes will contribute to the same phenotype. X-linkage: genes that are linked to sex chromosomes. Wild-type (+) (it is the most common in the population-doesn"t always mean the best) vs. mutant (-) (any variation- When we are distinguishing di erent alleles: doesn"t mean worse) Start with homozygous true breeding parents, cross and get a hybrid. Actually getting closer to a 2 yellow : 1 gray ratio. Pleiotropy: one gene that impacts several aspects of the overall phenotype ex.
