BIOL-1100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Redox, Thermal Energy, Bohr Model
9 Mar 2017
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Energy is conserved: sun"s electromagnetic energy: strong nuclear, work is a kind of energy h=h1+h2++h5, so pe1=pe2. Gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, some visible light are ionizing. Smaller wavelength has more energy; long wavelength has less energy. Electron absorbs energy, electron is excited, em energy >> ke electron. Electron releases energy, returns to ground state, ke>>em. Thermal energy is increase in atomic motion; when return to ground, Forming high-energy bonds requires an input of energy. Enthalpy- amount of energy stored in chemical bonds. Entropy- measure of how spread out the energy of a system is. Work is only possible if energy is concentrated. Ordered systems have energy concentrated for work (low energy) In a closed system, entropy tends to increase. The electrical and chemical potentials are ordered systems. Potential energy converted to work due to increasing entropy. This is why we say heat is (cid:498)lost(cid:499)
