BCHM-3050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Alkanolamine, Sphingosine, Prochirality
15 Jun 2018
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Fatty acids
Long hydrocarbon w carboxylic acid group
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Waxes
Esters of fatty acid and a long chain alcohol
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Triacylglycerols
Triesters of glycerol and fatty acids
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Glycerophospholipids
Triesters of glycerol with two fatty acid molecules and a phosphate
bonded to an amino alcohol
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Major class of naturally occurring phospholipids
Make up significant fraction of membrane lipid
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Does not have stereocenters and is prochiral
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Has two fatty acid (R1 and R2) chains and a phosphate group
R1 is saturated
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R2 is unsaturated
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Simplest member of the group: phosphatidic acid
Minor membrane constituent
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Sphingolipids
Sphingosine molecule bonded to a fatty acid and a phosphate bonded to an
amino alcohol
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2nd major class of membrane constituents
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Built on amino acid alcohol not on glycerol
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Ceramides: fatty acid linked via amide bond to amino group
Sphingosine + fatty acid
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Sphingomyelin: phosphate group attached to C-3 hydroxyl
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Glycosphingolipids
Sphingosine molecule bonded to a fatty acid and a sugar
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Constituent of ABO blood group antigens
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Include: cerebrosides and gangliosides
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Glycoglycerolipids
Less common in animal membranes but common in plant and bacterial
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May be most abundant of all polar lipids
Constitutes half the lipid in chlorplast membranes
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Steroids
Steroid nucleus of four fused carbon rings
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Made from cholestrol
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Chapter 10: class of Lipids
Tuesday, June 12, 2018
9:01 AM
