CAS CH 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Alkyne, Homologous Series, Alkene

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13 Sep 2016

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A hydrocarbon compound is a molecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms, only. Table p can be used to figure out which prefixes denote the amount of carbons in a compound. Table q can be used to find out the number of hydrogens in each type of compound per a certain amount of carbons (homologous series: alkane, alkene, alkyne). Alkanes are named by using the prefix denoting the amount of carbons in the compound with the suffix -ane. They consist entirely of single bonds between carbons. Alkanes are the only hydrocarbon compounds that are saturated. Alkenes are named by using the prefix denoting the amount of carbons in the compound with the suffix -ene. Alkenes have only one double bond (carbon to carbon), the rest are single bonds. Alkynes are named by using the prefix denoting the amount of carbons in the compound with the suffix -yne.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

In naming branched alkanes, we name alkane branches of different names in _________ order.

	a.	alphabetical
	b.	numeric
	c.	size
	d.	none

QUESTION 2

A 10 carbon hydrocarbon with a 1 carbon group at the 2nd and 4th carbons, a 3 carbon group at the 5th carbon and a 2 carbon group at the 4th carbon would be named ______________.

	a.	5-propyl-4-ethyl-2,4-dimethyldecane
	b.	4-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-5-propyldecane
	c.	none
	d.	2,4-dimethyl-4-ethyl-5-propyldecane

QUESTION 3

In naming alkanes, the longest chain is named using a prefix and the suffix _________.

	a.	none
	b.	-yl
	c.	-ane
	d.	-ate

QUESTION 4

In naming branched alkanes, the ___________ chain is given the name of the corresponding n-alkane.

	a.	main
	b.	side
	c.	none
	d.	first

QUESTION 5

In drawing structures from a name, the first step is to ___________.

	a.	draw the carbon skeleton
	b.	add the hydrogens
	c.	none
	d.	draw the branch skeletons

QUESTION 6

In naming branched alkanes, we use __________ to separate the name of the branch from its number.

	a.	an apostrophe
	b.	none
	c.	a dash
	d.	a comma

QUESTION 7

Alkanes are classified as ________ hydrocarbons.

	a.	unsaturated
	b.	transsaturated
	c.	saturated
	d.	none

QUESTION 8

The prefix but- refers to a hydrocarbon with __________ carbons.

	a.	three
	b.	two
	c.	four
	d.	one

QUESTION 9

Alkanes fall into two classifications, __________ alkanes and branched alkanes.

	a.	none
	b.	neat
	c.	normal
	d.	linear

QUESTION 10

The prefix hex- refers to a hydrocarbon with _________ carbons.

	a.	eight
	b.	four
	c.	two
	d.	six

Hydrocarbons are organic molecules that solely consist of hydrogen and carbon atoms. These compounds are considered saturated if they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms. Degrees of unsaturation are structural features that cause a compound to have less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible, and cause the hydrocarbon to be considered unsaturated. In hydrocarbons, degrees of unsaturation consist of ring structures and pi bonds (double and triple bonds). The following formulas can be used to determine whether a molecular formula represents an alkane, alkene, or alkyne (assuming that the hydrocarbons are not ring structures, and that the unsaturated compounds only have one double or triple bond).

Alkanes: CnH2n+2

Alkenes: CnH2n

Alkynes: CnH2nâ2

CAS CH 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Alkyne, Homologous Series, Alkene

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