CAS BI 315 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Thomas Cech, Centrifugation, Genome Size
Overview
Professor Beffert
- Mondays 3:30-5:00 PM / Friday 3:30-5:00 PM
- Course Website is on Blackboard
- EVERYTHING FOR EXAMS IS ON THE PPT SLIDES AND VIDEOS
- 15% EXAM QUESTIONS FROM QUIZZES
- Check ppt tonight
Suggestions for Studying:
- Review structured notes and describe info, processes, etc.
- STUDY >10 HOURS A WEEK
- Midterm: 60 MC (Including T/F)
- Some exams will have passage-based questions
- Online Textbook Quizzes (Review them!)
1 An Overview of Cells and Cell Research
- Cytoplasmic organelles are absent in prokaryotes
- Bacteria are as small as Mitochondria
- Mitochondria have their own DNA which is much smaller and circular
- Bacteria have 10^6 base pairs, we have 10^7-10^9 base pairs
- Why have eukaryotic cells evolved such an array of intracellular compartments?
- Enables cell to compartmentalize. This increases the order and efficiency of the
cells processes.
- Some of the organelles:
- Mitochondria - Site of oxidative metabolism (process by which oxygen is
used to make energy from carbs like sugar).
- Lysosomes / Peroxisomes - specialized metabolic compartments for the
digestion of macromolecules and for various oxidative reactions.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum - network of intracellular membranes that extends
from the nuclear envelope and it processes and transports proteins and
lipid synthesis.
- Golgi Apparatus - Proteins are further processed and sorted for transport
to their final destinations. Also the Golgi Apparatus is also a site of lipid
synthesis (in plants, synthesis of some polysaccharides(carb) that
compose the cell wall).
- We have ~50 Trillion cells in our body
- Cardiomyocytes
- Fibroblasts - Synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen. They are
connective tissue cells.
- Intestinal epithelial cells
Fundamental Principles
- Each cell has a “life of its own”
- Cells are dynamic, living units that respond to (PPT)
- All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Document Summary
Mondays 3:30-5:00 pm / friday 3:30-5:00 pm. Everything for exams is on the ppt slides and videos. Review structured notes and describe info, processes, etc. 1 an overview of cells and cell research. Mitochondria have their own dna which is much smaller and circular. Bacteria have 10^6 base pairs, we have 10^7-10^9 base pairs. This increases the order and efficiency of the cells processes. Mitochondria - site of oxidative metabolism (process by which oxygen is used to make energy from carbs like sugar). Lysosomes / peroxisomes - specialized metabolic compartments for the digestion of macromolecules and for various oxidative reactions. Endoplasmic reticulum - network of intracellular membranes that extends from the nuclear envelope and it processes and transports proteins and lipid synthesis. Golgi apparatus - proteins are further processed and sorted for transport to their final destinations. Also the golgi apparatus is also a site of lipid synthesis (in plants, synthesis of some polysaccharides(carb) that compose the cell wall).
