CAS BI 108 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Gastrovascular Cavity, Gastric Glands, Nasal Cavity
11 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Body systems: digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, lymphatic/immune, excretory, endocrine, reproductive, nervous, muscular, skeletal, integumentary. Animals are chemoheterotrophs: carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, suspension feeders (filter feeders, substrate feeders, fluid feeders (blood suckers, bulk feeders, scavengers, decomposers. 4 stages of food processing: ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination. Complete digestive system (alimentary canal: mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestine, anus (may also have crop or gizzard) Mouth, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus. Epiglottis, peristalsis, and sphincters: the esophagus, muscular contractions, epiglottis. The stomach: muscular, gastric juices and gastric glands, hormone gastrin. The small intestine: nutrient absorption, pancreas = digestive enzymes and alkali solutions, liver and gallbladder = enzymes and bile (fat, villi and microvilli. The large intestine ( colon : 3 parts, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, cecum and appendix, water absorption. Healthful diets and other notes: fuel for power, raw materials, essential nutrients, kilocalories and the bmr, dieting, 9 essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals, ldls and hdls.
