PSYC 356 Lecture 17: Chapter 9 Lecture
PSYC 356 Chapter 9: Extinction of Conditioned Behavior
●Extinction
○Background
○Characteristics
●Acquisition and extinction
○Spontaneous recovery
○Renewal
○Reinstatement
Extinction: Background:
●Thus far we have focused on:
○Acquisition of learning
○Maintenance of learning
●Equally important is loss of conditioned behaviors
Examples: Going to a defunct bus stop
Dating after he hooked up with your “best” friend
●Extinction provides flexibility and adaptation
Simple approaches to extinction:
Classical Conditioning: Instrumental Conditioning:
Acquisition— CS + US——- CR Response———— Reinforcement
Extinction— Remove US Remove Reinforcer
Result— ↓ responding ↓ responding
Classical Conditioning
Instrumental Conditioning
Acquisition
CS + US → CR
Response → Reinforcement
Extinction
Remove US
Remove Reinforcer
Result
↓ Responding
↓ Responding
●Extinction is not forgetting (ie. ↓ responding with passage of time)
●Extinction is an active process (ie. explicit pairing of CS or response with an
absence of outcome)
Extinction: Effects of Extinction Procedures
Your Cute BF → Call No Answer → Call 6 times No Answer → Text his buddy’s cell,
home phone, his ex… → Consider Dumping Him
Extinction Effects:
●Early response
○Multiple attempts
●Late response
○Increase response variability
●Final response
○Responding decreases
Experiment:
●Neuringer et al., 2001:
○Subjects: 2 groups of Rats
○Response requirement:
■3 responses for reinforcement
●Left lever
●Right lever
●Spinner
■Training:
●G1— sequence of 3 must vary
●G2— yoked, any combo of 3
■Extinction Phase
●Reinforcement removed for both groups
●Results of Reinforcement:
○Yoked rats responded slightly faster
○Reinforcing variability ↑ variable responses
●Results of extinction
○Both groups ↓ variability
○Eventually both stop responding
●The structure of extinction is maintained
○Both groups increased variability
●Extinction also elicits strong emotions…
●Frustration: emotional reaction induced by withdrawal of an expected
reinforcer
●MAD PIGEON/ MAD PATIENT
Azrin et al., 1966; Lerman et al., 1999
Extinction: Acquisition and Extinction
●Although extinction produces important behavioral and emotional effects, it does
not reverse acquisition
●This has been supported by 4 phenomena
1. Spontaneous recovery: the conditioned response returns if subject is
tested after a delay
2. Renewal: recovery of acquired performance when contextual cues
present during extinction are changed
Document Summary
Psyc 356 chapter 9: extinction of conditioned behavior. Equally important is loss of conditioned behaviors. Dating after he hooked up with your (cid:483)best(cid:484) friend. Extinction is not forgetting (ie. (cid:517) responding with passage of time) Extinction is an active process (ie. explicit pairing of cs or response with an absence of outcome) Your cute bf (cid:516) call no answer (cid:516) call 6 times no answer (cid:516) text his buddy"s cell, home phone, his ex (cid:516) consider dumping him. Frustration : emotional reaction induced by withdrawal of an expected. Azrin et al. , 1966; lerman et al. , 1999. Although extinction produces important behavioral and emotional effects, it does. Spontaneous recovery : the learned response returns after a delay. Ie. cs (noise)--- us (sucrose) ~ 32 entries. Extinction is a key clinical approach in behavioral therapy. Renewal- recovery of behavior when contextual cues present during extinction are changed. Cs extinction in context a (ext a) Cs extinction in context b (ext b)
