BIOL-242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 46: Heparin, Glycogen, Defecation
11 Jun 2020
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Chapter 23 part 8 |function anatomy - the large. Cecum first part of large intestine. Bacterial storehouse recolonizes gut when necessary. Twisted enteric bacteria accumulate and multiply. Retroperitoneal except for transverse and sigmoid regions. Ascending colon (right side to level of right kidney) Three rectal valves stop feces from being passed with gas (flatus) Thicker mucosa of simple columnar epithelium except in anal canal (stratified squamous to withstand abrasion) Superficial venous plexuses of anal canal form hemorrhoids if inflamed. Synthesize b complex vitamins and vitamin k. Metabolize some host-derived molecules (mucin, heparin, hyaluronic acid) Release irritating acids and gases (~500 ml/day) Epithelial cells recruit dendritic cells to mucosa sample microbial antigens present to t cells of malt iga antibody-mediated response. Residue remains in large intestine 12 24 hours. No food breakdown except by enteric bacteria. Vitamins (made by bacterial flora), water, and electrolytes (especially na+ and cl ) reclaimed. Major functions - propulsion of feces to anus; defecation.
