BIOL-242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Mean Arterial Pressure, Pulse Pressure, Blood Vessel
11 May 2020
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Mean arterial pressure (map): pressure that propels blood to tissues. Map = diastolic pressure + pulse pressure. Pulse pressure and map both decline increasing distance from heart. Ex: bp = 120/80; map = 93mm hg. Small pressure gradient; about 15 mm hg. Low pressure due to cumulative effects of peripheral resistance. Energy of blood pressure lost as heat during each circuit. Muscular pump // contraction of skeletal muscles muscles "milks" blood toward heart; valves prevent backflow. Respiratory pump // pressure changes during breathing move blood toward heart by squeezing abdominal veins as thoracic veins expand. Venoconstriction // under sympathetic control pushes blood toward heart. 1 more blood pushing on the blood vessel walls increase in mean arterial pressure. Increase in vasoconstriction; increase in peripheral resistance. Increase in thirst via hypothalamus increase water intake. Increase in adh release by posterior pituitary increase water absorption by kidneys. Stimulates adrenal cortex increase in aldosterone increase in na+ reabsorption by kidney.
