CHE-2201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Lone Pair, Undecane, Dodecane
Document Summary
Lines drawn between atoms show covalent bonds. Carbon atoms in a straight chain are drawn in a zigzag format and are not labeled, but it is assumed that there is a carbon at every corner/endpoint. Anes means there are no double bonds. C-h bonds are not shown, but we can assume there are enough to complete the octet for each carbon. Heteroatoms (atoms other than c and h) should be labeled with all hydrogen atoms and lone pairs attached. Triple bonds are linear, so they are not written in a zigzag (180 degree bond angles) Functional groups: groups where reactions are going to occur more readily. R is used to define a group that is attached to the functional group (it is carbon and hydrogen) Know: alcohol, ketone, ether, aldehyde, and carboxylic acid. Sometimes carbon will have a +1 charge; in which case, the carbon will only have 3 bonds. Sometimes carbon will have a -1 charge (one extra electron)
