PSYC 3140 Lecture 56: PSYC 3140 Lecture 56
9 May 2018
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PSYC 3140
Lecture 56
Mesmer and Gall initiated serious study of the brain and mind. Each man’s
theories were wrong but each made contributions to scientific psych.
1. Franz Gall Excellent brain anatomist
a. First to show two halves of brain connected by white matter
b. First to show that fibers of spinal cord cross over when
connecting to lower brain
c. First to show the larger the cortex a species possesses, the
greater its intelligence
i. The Church was offended by these three conclusions
ii. Austrian Emperor forbade any further lectures; after six
years of appeals, Gall moved to Paris
iii. Napoleon tried to restrict his influence & scientists
rejected him, but he stayed for the rest of his life
2. Physiognomy – The attempt to determine a person's character by
analyzing his or her facial features, bodily structure, and habitual
patterns of posture and movement. Physical characteristics are linked
to psychological traits.
d. Phrenology (Cranioscopy, craniometry) - The examination of
the protrusions and depressions on a persons skull in order to
determine the strengths and weaknesses of various mental
faculties. Cortical localization.
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