KINE 2031 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Glycogenolysis, Sympathetic Nervous System, Libido
2 Jul 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Adrenal Cortex & Sex Hormones
-Secretes androgens (male sex hormone) &
estrogen (female sex hormones)
-Site of production of sex hormones are gonads:
testes for androgens & ovaries for estrogens
-No hormones is unique to either females or
males – found in both in small amounts
-Testes’ primary androgen product is testosterone
Adrenal Cortex & Adrenocortical Hormone Levels
-Excess in aldosterone hypersecretion, cortisol hypersecretion & adrenal androgen
hypersecretion can cause problems
-Aldosterone hypersecretion- results in excessive Na+ retention (hypernatremia) & K+
depletion (hypokalemia). Results in hypertensions because of excess Na+ retention
oConn’s Syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism): is hypersecreting adrenal tumor
oInappropriately high activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
(secondary)
-Cortisol Hypersecretion (Cushing’s Syndrome)- excessive gluconeogenesis, too many AA
are converted into glucose. Results in excess glucose in blood & protein shortage.
Results in hyperglycemia & glucosuria (glucose in urine)- mimics diabetes mellitus aka
adrenal diabetes.
oOverstimulation of adrenal cortex by excessive amounts of CRH or ACTH
oAdrenal tumors that over secrete cortisol
oACTH secreting tumors
-Adrenal Androgen Hypersecretion (adrenogenital syndrome)- masculinizing condition.
Excessive adrenal sex hormones have effect on genitalia & associated sexual
characteristics
oIn adult females, androgens exert masculinizing effect. Develop male pattern of
body hair, deepening of voice & muscular arms & legs. Menstruation may be
ceased because of androgen suppression of woman’s hypothalamus-pituitary-
ovaria pathway
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Secretes androgens (male sex hormone) & estrogen (female sex hormones) Site of production of sex hormones are gonads: testes for androgens & ovaries for estrogens. No hormones is unique to either females or males found in both in small amounts. Excess in aldosterone hypersecretion, cortisol hypersecretion & adrenal androgen hypersecretion can cause problems. Aldosterone hypersecretion- results in excessive na+ retention (hypernatremia) & k+ depletion (hypokalemia). Results in hypertensions because of excess na+ retention: conn"s syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism): is hypersecreting adrenal tumor, inappropriately high activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (secondary) Cortisol hypersecretion (cushing"s syndrome)- excessive gluconeogenesis, too many aa are converted into glucose. Results in excess glucose in blood & protein shortage. Results in hyperglycemia & glucosuria (glucose in urine)- mimics diabetes mellitus aka adrenal diabetes: overstimulation of adrenal cortex by excessive amounts of crh or acth, adrenal tumors that over secrete cortisol, acth secreting tumors.
