BIOL 2325 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Phylogenetic Tree, Speciation, Reproductive Isolation
Document Summary
Zoology- the scientific study of animal life. Construct phylogenetic tree to locate ancestral origins of major characteristic. Understand historical processes that generate species diversity as well as maintain it. Perpetual change/evolution-characteristics change from generation to generation over time. Common descent-common ancestors can be seen through phylogeny. Multiplication of species-new species arise by the splitting and modifications of older ones. Gradualism-large differences arise because of the build up of many small changes over a long time. Natural selection-survival of the fittest, most favorable characteristics survive best. Homology-characteristics in different species inherited from a common ancestor that have been modified. Similar genotype and phenotype among the group. Allopatric-geological barrier separates population which leads to 2 different species. Sympartic-live in different parts of the same environment which leads to speciation. Permian-225 mill years ago,50% of shallow invertebrates disappeared and 90% of marine invertebrates.
