PS379 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Dyslexia, Language Processing In The Brain, Written Language
Week 6
Wednesday Oct 26th
Canadian Definition of LD
- Learning Disabilities: disorders that affect acquiring, organizing, retaining,
understanding, and using verbal information (like dyslexia) or nonverbal information
(conceptual things; spatial abilities)
- Canadian Definition of LD:
o Impairments in thinking, perceiving, remembering, or learning that include (but
are not limited to):
o No Canadian department of education – provincial departments
o CPA is kind of just a reference point – not a legal definition for anything
o Canadian definition highlights that LD you have problems in a verbal or
nonverbal learning area, but at least average abilities in thinking/reasoning
(intelligence)
▪ Language processing
▪ Phonological processing
▪ Visual spatial processing (problems w copying, dealing w things in space)
▪ Processing speed
▪ Memory & attention
▪ Executive functions (organizes across & within skills – problem solving)
o LD interfere with the acquisition of:
▪ Oral language
▪ Reading
▪ Written language
▪ Math
• Note that reading, writing, and math are all school subjects –
thus, kids with LD’s are often fine outside of school (playground,
soccer time) and you would never know they had a LD until they
had to do something with one of these skills, like reading the rules
• Means often cannot tell until they get to school (very subtle
markers, but not things that many parents would ever notice)
- Ontario Definition of LD:
o Has legal implications – used to define whether or not a child has a LD
o Broader picture in terms of academic & social situations
o Involves one+ processes necessary for the use of spoken language or symbols
(letters; problems reading, or numbers)
o Provide list of observable common behaviours to assist identification
o Includes 3 other points:
▪ Exclusionary criteria – to have a LD, must have:
• Normal hearing
• Vision
• Intelligence
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Learning disabilities: disorders that affect acquiring, organizing, retaining, understanding, and using verbal information (like dyslexia) or nonverbal information (conceptual things; spatial abilities) Ontario definition of ld: has legal implications used to define whether or not a child has a ld, broader picture in terms of academic & social situations. Involves one+ processes necessary for the use of spoken language or symbols (letters; problems reading, or numbers: provide list of observable common behaviours to assist identification. Includes 3 other points: exclusionary criteria to have a ld, must have, normal hearing, vision. By reading beginning of grade 1, everyone is kind of slow, more you read faster you get: associated with perceptual handicap, brain injury, dyslexia, how do you get to be. See the signs in young children long term thing. Very young children: problems learning to count (remember, have to have opportunity, recognizing printed numbers, easy # concepts (4 horses, 4 cars, organizing shapes (circles, squares)
