PS276 Lecture Notes - Statistical Inference, Descriptive Statistics, Analysis Of Variance
Important Concepts and Definitions
Data:
-is a plural word
-measurements or observations
-numerical or non numerical
-a dataset is a collection of measurements or observations
-a datum or data point is one measurement or observation
-qualitative: measurements of quality (ex a category – hair colour, top 3 fav movies)
-quantitative: measurements of quantity (amount – weight of phone, temperature, a number)
Variables:
-something that varies
-opposite of a constant
-concepts that can be measured
-ex memory, stress, reaction time, intelligence, age, weight, attention etc
Discrete/Categorical Variables:
-variables with a finite/limited number of values/states
-ex number of children in a family is represented by a whole number, such that you cannot have
2.5 children
-whole things
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Document Summary
A dataset is a collection of measurements or observations. A datum or data point is one measurement or observation. Qualitative: measurements of quality (ex a category hair colour, top 3 fav movies) Quantitative: measurements of quantity (amount weight of phone, temperature, a number) Ex memory, stress, reaction time, intelligence, age, weight, attention etc. Ex number of children in a family is represented by a whole number, such that you cannot have. A person"s height can be 5"4 or 5"5 any other value inbetween 5"" and 6"" In correlational studies (where something is manipulated to see how it effects behaviour) we distinguish between a predictor variable (independent variable) and an outcome variable (dependent variable) Provide info about individual variables (the things we are curious about) Sample data are often used to make predictions about a larger population. Often run data on sample population to make inferences about what is going in larger population.
