PS102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Neurotransmission, Resting Potential, Acetylcholine
Document Summary
Sodium pumps open to allow the sodium particles into the cell (axon) Intensity is conveyed by the rapidity of firing. The system switches from an electrical signaling system to a chemical one once action reaches the axon terminal". Synaptic vesicles fuse with the axon membrane. Some receptors act to depolarize the nearby cell membrane. This increases the probability of an action potential. This excitatory input serves to pass the message along to the next neuron. Other receptors act to increase the polarization of the nearby cell. This decreases the probability of an action potential. Inhibitory input helps prevent the receiving cell from firing. Researchers have identified more than 50 different chemicals that act as neurotransmitters: acetylcholine. Causes surges of energy (anger: norepinephrine. Is released in the brain and leads to arousal and vigilance. In involved in the fight or flight behaviour. Abnormalities in norepinephrine and ptsd: dopamine. Circuit supports anticipation of rewards, motor control and controlled cognition.
