HN220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Microglia, Oligodendrocyte, Neurotransmitter
Document Summary
Glial cells: function: structural integrity, types, astrocytes, ependymal, microglia, oligodendrocytes, schhwann cells. Neurons: functional unit of nervous system, components of a neuron, cell body (soma, dendrites, axons, synapses, pre-synaptic cell, post-synaptic cell, communicate using neurotransmitters triggered by an action potential, ap: large rapid change in membrane potential (charge) Inhibitory or excitatory: 2 characteristic functional properties, excitability (irritability, ability to respond to stimuli by producing an action potential, conductivity the ability of neurons to transmit a nerve impulse to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Excitable cells: resting membrane potential, electrical voltage difference across the membrane, ~70mv, exterior charge, na ions. Interior charge: k ions, gradient maintained by na/k pump, active transport of 3 na out & 2 k in. Stimulus: sensory neurons stimulus types, chemical (neurotransmitter, light, sound waves, pressure, heat. Action potential: when stimulus exceeds threshold, permeability of na/k ions changes.
