BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Lactobacillus, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, Electron Acceptor
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Document Summary
If no oxygen is present, pyruvate stays in cytoplasm and goes through fermentation: two types, lactate fermentation: Continues glycolytic pathway (can occur without oxygen) pyruvate is converted to lactate. Pyruvate builds up in cells and produces nad+ Nad+ is necessary in glycolysis in order to produce atp: alcohol fermentation. Pyruvates is converted into alcohol, involving many enzymes through a multi-step process. Regenerates nad+ to precede glycolysis in order to produce atp. Both lactate and alcohol enzymes allow for the production of nad+ anaerobic. Respiration: prokaryotes lack mitochondrias but have respiratory electron transport chains located on plasma membrane systems, some use molecules other than oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor possesses anaerobic respiration. Lifestyles dictated by oxygen: strict anaerobes: cant grow in presence of oxygen, strict aerobes: require oxygen, facultative anaerobes: can grow in presence of oxygen but do this through fermentative pathways.
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