AS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Photosphere, Redshift
Document Summary
Sunspots: dark, relatively cooler regions of the photosphere, produced by intense magnetic fields. Energy flowing outward from the suns interior travels as rising currents of hot gas and sinking currents of cool gas in the convection zone just below the photosphere. The granulation of the photosphere is produced by convection currents of gas raising from below. Coulomb force: the electrostatic force of repulsion between like charges or attraction between opposite charges. Electrons in an atom may occupy various permitted orbits (energy levels) around the nucleus, but not orbits in between. The size of an electrons orbit depends on the energy stored in the electrons. Isotopes: atoms which have the same number of protons but a different motion number of neutrons. An electron may absorb a photon and get excited to a higher energy level or release a photon and drop down to a lower energy level.
