Chemistry 1027A/B Lecture Notes - Boiling Point, Aldehyde, Nucleophilic Substitution

• School: Western University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: Chemistry 1027A/B
• Professor: Mel Usselman

Document Summary

Key concepts in organic chemistry: derivatives of carboxylic acids (usselman version) All carboxylic derivatives are formed from a substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid. All carboxylic acid derivatives have the acyl group in common. For esters, change the -ic acid to ate, preceded by the name of the alkyl group on the ester or group. Cyclic esters are called lactones and are designated , , , , or depending on the number of carbon atoms the ester o atom is from the c =o. Esters are used frequently in phosphoric acid as they can make more ester bonds than carbon (mono-, di- or triphosphate esters). More variety is present with phosphoric acid as opposed to carboxylic acids. For acid halides, change the -ic acid to -yl halide. for symmetrical anhydrides change acid to. Anhydride. anhydrides are formed by coupling two carboxylic acids with the loss of water and cyclic anhydrides are easily formed by heating dicarboxylic acids (intramolecular reaction).