Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sister Chromatids, Metaphase, Nondisjunction

13 views7 pages

greenduck439

20 Apr 2016

School

Western University

Department

Biology

Course

Biology 1002B

Professor

Beth Mac Dougall- Shackleton

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

These spores divide by mitosis to form multicellular bodies that then make gametes by mitosis. The essence of mitosis is sameness, but meiosis changes both chromosome number and dna sequence. The essence of meiosis is difference: meiosis produces a halved chromosome number and recombined dna sequence. Each cell produced by meiosis therefore: when an egg and sperm cell join in fertilization, the diploid number is restored. Reason why meiosis i is reductional and meiosis ii is equational In meiosis ii, the number of chromosomes remains haploid, but the amount of dna is reduced to (c) Proteins involved in holding homologous chromosomes together. Synaptonemal complex holds the two homologues together during recombination. Sometimes chromosomes line up incorrectly and recombination (the products) are unequal. Each non- homologous chromosomes could go randomly to either cell. The space between the two genes can be narrow so the likelihood of them crossing over is rare.

Related Questions

Which of the following statements is true?

Question 7 options:

	In plants, gametes are produced by meiosis
	In animals, gametes are produced by mitosis
	Plants have both a multicellular diploid stage and a multicellular haploid stage
	Most fungi have a life cycle that includes a multicellular diploid stage.
	Most animals have a sexual life cycle that includes a multicellular haploid stage.

skyhamster121

Which statement describes a similarity between the diploid and haploid phases of plant life?

both are multicellular

both are immediately followed by meiosis

both end in fertilization

both contain spores

both contain sporophytes

A zygote is formed ____.â

by the fusion of male and female somatic cells

directly by meiosis in fungi

by the mitotic divisions of spores in plants

by the fusion of egg and sperm nuclei

after a fertilized egg undergoes mitotic divisions to mature

Human skin color is an example of ____, while sickle-cell anemia is an example of ____.â

incomplete dominance; pleiotropy

pleiotropy; polygenic inheritance

incomplete dominance; multiple alleles

polygenic inheritance; pleiotropy

multiple alleles; epistasis

Question 1

The process by which RNA is synthesized using DNA as a template is â¦

Select one:

a. replication

b. transcription

c. translation

d. inspiration

Question 2

Which of the following occurs during meiosis but not mitosis?

Select one:

a. DNA condenses into chromosomes

b. nuclear envelop disappears

c. homologous chromosomes separate

d. sister chromatids separate

Question 3

Which part of the animal life cycle is haploid?

Select one:

a. gamete

b. zygote

c. sporophyte

d. spore

Question 4

Single celled eukaryotic organisms are â¦

Select one:

a. viruses

b. bacterial

c. archaea

d. protists

Question 5

Which type of cellular division results in the formation of diploid cells from a diploid parent cell?

Select one:

a. mitosis

b. meiosis

c. interphase

d. A and B but not C

e. all of the above

Question 6

A sequence of DNA that codes for a single protein is a â¦

Select one:

a. gene

b. ribosome

c. mRNA

d. none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of animals?

Select one:

a. heterotrophic

b. sexual reproduction

c. embryonic development

d. all of the above

Question 8

All genes have only two possible alleles.

Select one:

True

False

Question 9

The presence of membrane-bound organelles is characteristic of â¦

Select one:

a. prokaryotes

b. viruses

c. bacteria

d. eukaryotes

Question 10

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Select one:

a. fatty acids

b. amino acids

c. nucleic acids

d. all of the above

Question 11

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Select one:

a. Mitosis

b. Interphase

c. Meiosis

d. Replicosis

Question 12

Which of the following characteristic is shared among fungi and animals?

Select one:

a. autotrophic

b. heterotrophic

c. cell walls

d. absorb nutrients

Question 13

A error in DNA replication that goes unrepaired is a â¦

Select one:

a. chromosome

b. chromatid

c. mutation

d. none of the above

Question 14

Alternate forms of a gene are called ________.

Select one:

a. chromatids

b. chromosomes

c. ribosomal subunits

d. alleles

Question 15

The physical expression of a genotype is the phenotype.

Select one:

True

False

Question 16

In complete dominance, a heterozygous genotype results in â¦

Select one:

a. a recessive phenotype

b. a dominant phenotype

c. a third and unique phenotype

d. none of the above

Question 17

Which theory explains the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

Select one:

a. phagocytosis

b. endosymbiosis

c. pinocytosis

d. none of the above

Question 18

Which scientist experimented with plants to describe patterns of inheritance?

Select one:

a. Mendel

b. Chase

c. Einstein

d. Watson

Question 19

Which cellular organelle contains aerobic cellular respiration?

Select one:

a. chloroplasts

b. mitochondria

c. nucleus

d. lysosome

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false?

Select one:

a. Haploid gametes are formed by meiosis

b. Mitosis forms genetically identical daughter cells

c. Mitosis results in the formation of four daughter cells from a single parent cell

d. Mitosis forms diploid daughter cells from a diploid parent cell

Question 21

The first forms of life on Earth were ________.

Select one:

a. plants

b. microorganisms

c. birds

d. dinosaurs

Question 22

Which of the following is used to separate chromosomes during nuclear division?

Select one:

a. cytoskeleton

b. microtubules

c. actin and myosin

d. amoeboid movement

e. all of the above

Question 23

Which generation is most dominant in more primitive plants?

Select one:

a. bryophyte

b. sporophyte

c. gametophyte

d. androphyte

Question 24

Which of the following is characteristic of plants?

Select one:

a. autotrophic

b. contain chloroplasts

c. multicellular

d. all of the above

Question 25

During which phase of mitosis do chromosome line up along the middle of the cell?

Select one:

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

Question 26

During which phase of mitosis does DNA condense into distinct chromosomes?

Select one:

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

Question 27

The process by which DNA is used as a template to make new DNA is â¦

Select one:

a. translation

b. replication

c. transcription

d. allocation

Question 28

Which of the following is characteristic of plant but not animal cells?

Select one:

a. chloroplasts

b. water vacuole

c. cell wall

d. all of the above

Question 29

Which meiotic division is most like mitosis?

Select one:

a. Meiosis I

b. Meiosis II

c. Meiosis III

d. Meiosis IV

Question 30

Which enzyme catalyzes replication?

Select one:

a. DNA polymerase

b. RNA polymerase

c. Ribosome

d. all of the above

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sister Chromatids, Metaphase, Nondisjunction

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Insertional Mutagenesis, Chlamydomonas, Bleomycin

Biology 1002B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Allele Frequency, Genotype Frequency, Antigenic Shift

Biology 1002B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: G0 Phase, G2 Phase, S Phase

Related Questions