Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Garter Snake, Flowering Plant, Limiting Factor
Document Summary
Bio 1001a - lecture 23 evolutionary arms race. Mutualism: both may benefit: fitness of both species increases, ex. Ants get food and shelter from acacia. Acacia gets protection from herbivores: ex. Humans have established many mutualistic interactions called domestication. Animal and plant species benefit from large population. Competition: both many incur costs: due to limiting resource like food or water, both species would do better without one another, ex. Plants in forest compete for sunlight, want to reach canopy: ex. Carnivores in same geographical location both want same prey. Antagonism: one benefits, the other incurs costs: ex. Rocky mountain pine beetle kills pine trees: ex. Connects to red queen principle: species need to keep up with evolving diseases and parasites. Occurs each time one species affects fitness of another. Lion and wildebeest: modern day individuals of both species have greater running speed than ancestors, predator gets faster to catch prey, prey gets faster to escape.
