BIOL-1116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Reciprocal Altruism, Game Theory, Optimal Foraging Theory
17 Mar 2017
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Chapter 51- ethology: states tinbergen"s four questions and identify each as a proximate or ultimate causation. What stimulus elicits the behaviour and what physiological mechanisms mediate the response? (ultimate) How does the animal"s experience during growth and development influence the response mechanisms? (proximate) How does the behaviour aid survival and reproduction? (proximate) What is the behaviour"s evolutionary history? (ultimate: suggest a proximate and an ultimate cause for imprinting in newly hatched geese. Proximate: brood size, example, three chicks present, and fighting continues until there is only two. Ultimate: brood size, food shortage, this may cause a chick to die. There is almost always enough food for two chicks. For imprinting: an example is the young geese following their mother: explain how associative learning may help a predator avoid toxic prey. Associative learning: animals associate one feature of their learning with one another. Help behavioural ecologists to identify the contribution of environment to an animal"s behaviour.
