PSYC 251 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Electric Potential, Turing Test, Peripheral Nervous System
2 Nov 2016
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Neuron doctrine: the nervous system consists of discrete individual cells. Santiago ramon y cajal (1888: neuron - term coined by heinrich wilhelm waldeyer (1891) What are neurons: specialized biological cells, in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system whose primary function is information processing and transmittal, Neuronal structure: neurons are cells, cell body, dendrites input, cell body, axon hillock integrative, axons, synapse output. Axon: axon hillock, myelin sheath and nodes of ranvier, axon terminal (terminal bouton) Neuronal signalling: membrane potential: lipid (fatty) bilayer, prevents the ow of ions, proteins, and other water-soluble molecules, electrical potential differences in the neuron (cell body) Thursday, september 29, 2016: extracellular side is more positive in ions. Cytoplasmic side is more negative in ions. Ion pumps: na+/k+, ca2, active transport, selective permeability, require energy (atp, can be gated. Non-gated ion channels: k+ channel > higher electrical potential on the extracellular side, higher k+ concentration on the cytoplasmic side.
