HMB450H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Dendritic Spine, Gaba Receptor, Neurotransmitter
16 Oct 2018
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E-i imbalance: there are 2 main areas that might cause e-i imbalance, developmental: - defects in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, or maturation or defects in synapse assembly (presynaptic or postsynaptic) Candidate genes: tsc1, tsc2, reelin, cntnap2, neuroligin, k+ channel genes, mecp2, gaba genes, Gaba receptor genes: injury-related: defects in synapse elimination and remodeling during critical periods . Candidate genes: gaba genes, gaba receptor genes, na+ channels. Ve: social withdrawal, lack of emotional response, impaired communication, executive function, and working memory (wm) Observations in sz: there are 3 main neuroanatomical and functional alterations observed in sz: Decreased gray-matter volume reduced number of pyramidal cells & interneurons, shortened dendrites and decreased spines. Loss of gm seems to be most intense near somatosensory areas: excitatory/inhibitory imbalance reduced gaba activity; nmda-r dysfunction, synapse loss over pruning of dendritic trees. E-i imbalance: people with sz have reduced ability to inhibit increased excitation.
