HIS109Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Serfdom, Congress Of Vienna, Holy Alliance
13/01/2016
Lecture 23
Restoration and Renewal
CONGRESS OF VIENNA (1814-1815)
C. VON METTERNICH
TALLEYRAND
LOUIS XVIII (1814-1815)
CASTLEREAGH
CZAR ALEXANDER I (D. 1825)
• Code of Napoleon
• France deserved to be allowed re-entry into the fraternal collection of nations
• Napoleonic wars had redrawn the map
• Italians had tasted unity, national belief that they should be a united nation had
received much support from the French
• Talleyrand was from an ancient noble family
• Congress met in Vienna creation of an instrument to maintain the balance of power
in Europe, victors agreed not to punish France or its allies (this was kept secret)
• Costs of war
• Louis 18th as’t er sart or gifted as a ruler, ut he had oo sese
• Terror broke out in 1814 (provincial experience, but still terrible)
• France was once more a fully functioning, solid, independent nation
• Aleader I’s to as ept he the foud ad opeed it (do’t ko he he
died, but he may have been a monk)
• Where to draw borders that were reasonable, how to sustain nation?
• Ma treaties ere rejeted the Cogress of Viea (the ere ieffetie, ould’t
solve anything)
• Pope resented having no power, due to pragmatism
• People returned to the idea of the state, territory was returned to the Pope (he was
again the democratic king and head of the religion)
• Serfdom was abolished (it was a dumb way to practice agriculture)
• Not only reconciliation of entire continent but based on practical, pragmatic crowns
• No wars for 100 years
• Peaceful only on the surface
• Tesios uilt ito dai of hage, uleashed ut that ost people did’t
recognized or ignored
• Reason for later revolutions breaking out in France, Poland etc. in 1830 and everywhere
in 1848
• Explosion from tensions alive in Vienna but not part of agenda in congress
• In almost every euro nation in 1815 polarity between liberals and conservatives did not
change
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