GGR101H1 Lecture 2: Lecture 2.5
8 Feb 2019
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Document Summary
Layers of fluids and solids: core to exterior crust. Inner core: made mostly of liquid, very dense, very hot. Mantle: mostly silicate composition: most of earth"s volume, mostly solid but behaves like a liquid. Upper mantle: asthenosphere, similar to mantle, mostly liquid. Lithosphere, made of crust and asthenosphere: composed of different types of rocks. Igneous rocks: cooled lava or magma, can be intrusive or extrusive (below or above the surface) Sedimentary rocks: deposition of materials into layers (strata) and formed by sedimentation. Metamorphic rocks: original rocks undergoes change by pressure and temperature. Theory of plate tectonics: originally proposed by alfred wegner explaining continental drift. Lithosphere is broken into 8 major plates, dozens of smaller ones: movement by different dynamics: mantle, gravity, earth"s rotation. Boundaries of plate tectonics: transform, divergent, convergent. Transform boundary: sideways or sheering of plates, faults. Convergent boundary: where plates slide towards each other (earthquakes)
