BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Pyrophosphate, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, Glycogen Phosphorylase
BCH210H1 Full Course Notes
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Need help with biology questions:
1. To increase the excretion of an acidic drug, what would you do to the urine?
| A. | Make it more basic | |
| B. | None of the above | |
| C. | Make it neutral | |
| D. | Make it more acidic |
2. G-Protein coupled receptors directly act on which of the following secondary messenger molecules:
| A. | cAMP | |
| B. | ATP | |
| C. | ADP | |
| D. | GTP | |
| E. | None of the above or more than one of the above |
3. Drug A and Drug B both produce the same level of biological/physiological response. Drug A produces this effect with 100 mg/kg dose. Drug B produces this effect with 50 mg/kg dose. Which of the following is true?:
| A. | Drug B is more efficacious than Drug A. Both drugs are equally potent. | |
| B. | Drug A is more efficacious than Drug B. Both drugs are equally potent. | |
| C. | Drug A and B are equally efficacious. Drug A is more potent than Drug B. | |
| D. | Drug A and B are equally efficacious. Drug B is more potent than Drug A. |
4. The stomach has a ______ pH, whereas the small intestines have a _______ pH. The colon has an approximately ___________ pH.
| A. | High; low; neutral | |
| B. | Low; high; neutral | |
| C. | Low; neutral; neutral | |
| D. | None of the above |
5. Which receptor is most likely to reduce norepinephrine levels when activated?
| A. | alpha 2 adrenergic | |
| B. | alpha 1 adrenergic | |
| C. | dopamine D1 receptors |
6. Which of the following statements are FALSE?
| A. | If the Vd of a drug is between 60 and 80 L the drug has likely distributed to the total body water of a 200 kg man. | |
| B. | In the enterohepatic system the activity of bacteria to remove conjugates from a drug in the gut will decrease the clearance of the drug. | |
| C. | Lipid drugs are more likely to be reabsorbed by the kidney from the urine. | |
| D. | A weak basic drug (pKa = 6) will be mostly ionized in urine of a pH= 3 and only the non- ionized drug will be eliminated. | |
| E. | The major conjugate in Phase 2 metabolism is glucuronide. |
7. Isoproterenol (β-agonist) is a vasodilator that increases HR. What happens to systolic and diastolic pressures upon IV administration of isoproterenol?
| A. | â systolic; â diastolic | |
| B. | â systolic; â diastolic | |
| C. | â systolic; â diastolic | |
| D. | â systolic; â diastolic | |
| E. | None of the above |
8. If you want to increase the blood concentration of a drug A, you can perform which of the following procedures:
| A. | Inhibit Drug A metabolism with Drug B | |
| B. | Enhance Drug A reabsorption from renal proximal tubule by changing ionization of Drug A with Drug B | |
| C. | Allow competition of Drug B with Drug A for active renal secretion processes | |
| D. | Increase the binding of Drug A to serum albumin | |
| E. | All of the above |
9. Which of the following describes Phase I metabolism?
| A. | Inactive products are always produced in this phase. | |
| B. | Large molecules such as glucuronic acid are conjugated to drugs in this phase. | |
| C. | This phase may produce active metabolites from prodrugs. | |
| D. | This phase only occurs in the liver. |
10. Which of the following is NOT an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of biogenic amines?
| A. | Phenylethanolamine N-methyl Transferase | |
| B. | Dopamine β-hydroxylase | |
| C. | Tyrosine dehydroxylase | |
| D. | DOPA decarboxylase | |
| E. | All of the above |
11. Why would an antibiotic at the same concentration be more active against bacteria in water than in serum or plasma? (Activity is measured in a test tube)
| A. | activity of the antibiotic is increased in water. | |
| B. | due to drug-protein interaction in serum | |
| C. | the antibiotic is more stable in water | |
| D. | all of the above | |
| E. | none of the above |
12. Ion channels are targets for drugs. Which drug class targets Na+ channels?
| A. | Benzodiazepines | |
| B. | Beta blockers | |
| C. | Local anesthetics | |
| D. | Antihypertensive drugs (cardiac and smooth muscle) | |
| E. | Glibenclimide (diabetic drug) |
13. _________________ not metabolized by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).
| A. | Dopamine | |
| B. | Epinephrine | |
| C. | Phenylephrine | |
| D. | Norepinephrine | |
| E. | All of the above are metabolized by COMT. |