ANT100Y1 Lecture : Chapter 1-3

• School: UTSG
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANT100Y1
• Professor: Christopher Watts

Document Summary

Jan27th,2011. : franzboaz(1858 1942), prejudice,westerncivilizationissuperior, acceptedthelabeledgavebyanthropology(kwakiutt), whenthereareprejudiceinsociety,wearenotfreeofthem, wearenotracist=wefightracism, vancouverisland(1894), culturalrelativism, eachculturehasitsownvalue,shouldnotjudgeotherculture, therearenouniversalstandardsofprogress(ormorality), universalisreallywestern, reason,practical, denyhumanrightsinthewest, areyouareculturalrelativist?, signifyingreality:communicationandconstruction, howwecommunicate/constructrealitybyusinglanguageandothersign, signification=makingsense,makingsigns/wemakesensesthroughsigns, nonlinguisticsigns/linguisticsigns, thenaturesigns:. =signs: signifierandsignified symbol,icon,index, thefunctionofsigns;, communicationandconstruction, howweconstructourself, filmshown:noamchomsky, whylinguisticandsemioticinanthropology?, anthro:studyofwhatitmeanstobehuman. , whylanguage?, whysemiotics?studyofsigns, homosapiens humanthatknows, knowing=makingsense(reflecting,representing), language=awaytomakesense, tomakesense=tosignify[signhify], studyoflanguage=linguistic, studyofsigns(signifying)=semiotics, linguisticispartofsemiotics, semioticsisthestudyof:, language(linguistic), othersigns(semioticproper) www. notesolution. com, communication, classic(structuralist)communicationmodel, channel:voice,spokenlanguage,writingradio,internet,medium, encoding(sender),decoding(receiver), assumesthatthereisanuncodedmessageindependentoflanguage, thisisprobablynottrue, aclassicsaussureanviewofsignification, ferdinanddesaussurean[1857,1913], signifier+signified. notarbitrary: symbol,icon,index, symbol:arbitraryrelationtosignifiedreferent, connectedonlyviathesystemofsignification(eg. language), arbitrarymeansthereisnoreasonwhyiscalled sheep , arbitraryisoppositeofmotivated, motivated:egpicture, iconandindex. Irony,lies,fantasy,plans: realityasaconstruction, construction:formedbypeopleinsociety;nurture,notnurture, reality=verifiable;theworldasitmakessensetous, realitydoesn"tcomeacrosstouswithoutthefilterofsignsandlanguages, itissociallyconstructed, languageconstructsreality, createsanunderstandingofdistinctconceptsandcategoriesasiftheywerepartoftheobjectivework, suchunderstandinghaveabearingontherealworld, example:colour, green and blue , nodistinctioninoldchinese,oldjapanese,vietnamese,siouxandothers, qingtiai=bluesky, qingcai=greenvegetable, perceptionandinterpretation, thepointisnotthatchinesecouldnotseegreenandblue, buttheydonotseethemasdifferent. Feb3rd,2011: jacqueslacon(1901 1981), frenchpsychoanalyst,interpretedfreud, theselfislinguisticallyconstructed(constructedbylanguage), howtheselfdevelopsaccordingtolecon?, babydoesnotcomeintosocietywithasenseofanindividualself, shelivesinthereal(experiencestheworldasunbounded), withlanguagesshelearnstheboundariesofthings, thisisthesymbolicstage(wouldexperienceasconsistingofboundedunits), i , eachoccurrenceof i isasignifier,whosemeaningisdevelopedfromrelationstoothersignifiers, fromothertimesisaid i , fromtimesiheardotherssay you , ormyname. Intheinnerconversation,onepartycoachestheother: weareboth i and you toourselves, this coach ismoreinfluencedbythesociety, itrepresentssociety, freud:superego(superhself), ourselfisaconversation,anditincludesarepresentationofsociety*thesuperego*, theformsoflanguage=outline, levelsoflinguistic[language]form, discourseanalysis:textandcontext, syntax:sentencestructure, morphology:wordsandtheirstructure, phonology:thesoundsystem, phonemes, allophones, learningresources, booksinpsection(12thflooratrobarts), doublearticulation, languageconsistsofmeaningfulunits,suchastextandwordsand, meaninglessunitsofsound, wearenotdiscussingwritingorletters, thelevelsoflanguage, meaningfulunits, texts(studiedindiscourseanalysis), sentence(studiedinsyntax), words(studiedinmorphology), meaninglessunits(combinetomakemeaning), phonemes(studiedinphonology), phones(studiedinphonetics) www. notesolution. com, text, anymeaningfulitemoritemsperceivedasaunit, ameaningfulitemoritemsunderstoodasnotformingpartofalargeritem, tobeornottobe atext, hamlet atext, linguisticandnonhlinguistictext. Allthewordswiththeendingsagreeinnumber: numberagreementinenglish, thekittensdrivepanizcrazy[plural], thekittendrivespanizcrazy[singular], japanese:nonumberagreement, nnnnnnnn, morphology, thestructureofwords, [asmostlinguisticanalysis]morphologyisconcernedwithspoken,notwrittenlanguage. , morpheme:smallestunitoflanguagethatcarriesmeaning, morpheme.