PSYC18H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Botulinum Toxin, Himba People, Amygdala
Document Summary
How emotions are expressed: posture, vocal, touch, face. Influence of emotions on expressions: models of emotion. Emotions have consistent patterns of expressions that are universal. Automatic processes elicit specific activations = specific emotional expression. Criteria for emotions as natural kinds: unique physiological signatures, the produced feeling should be selected for, or evolutionarily adaptive, must originate in subcortical (older) regions of the brain. How basic emotions operate: first step: automatic appraisal mechanism detects elicitors. Fast and unconscious: second step: neuromotor affect programme: sets in motion elements of emotion system. Hard to sop once in motion, involuntary. How are emotions basic: universality, seen in animals, physiological functionality (survival purposes, expressional functionality (serves another important purpose other than survival) Fear: universally recognised and causes activations in subcortical brain areas, in one study, participants who made a fearful face were more accurate 10, approach/avoid behaviour and emotional expressions study. 2 (fear vs. anger) x 2 (congruent vs. incongruent) within-subjects.
