GGRB05H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Public Participation, Decision-Making, Passive Management
Document Summary
Government: elected leaders, offices, civil servants, and their formal decision making, governance structures of urban areas greatly affect the power, effectiveness and nature of urban governments. Type 1 constraints: limits imposed by local economic and social conditions. Size and health of local economy limit the tax base. Poorer areas cant fund programs at the same level as rich areas without extra funds from higher levels of government. Political conditions are another type of 1 constraints. Type 2 constraints: limits that are imposed by higher levels of government. Most local governments are the creation of higher levels of government. The higher government can usually unilaterally change the legal powers of local governments, their boundaries, taxing powers and structures. Informal vs. formal arenas for urban governance: formal. Public consultations (meetings set up by government to allow public input) Or other special groups set up to provide input on urban policy issues: informal. Urban social movements organized to pressure government.
