BIOB34H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Carboxylic Acid, Monosaccharide, Photosynthesis
14 Oct 2014
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Document Summary
Lipids: most lipids contain fatty acid chains (chains of hydrocarbons) Saturated bonds - include double bonds between carbon atoms. Fatty acids are referred to based on the position and number of saturated bonds. Fatty acids that cannot be synthesized due to the double bonds in certain positions are called essential fatty acids, these need to be obtained through diet. Carbohydrates: carbohydrates can be composed of one sugar, forming a monosaccharide, chains of two or more sugars form disaccharides. Vitamins: molecules that are required by the body in small amounts but are not produced by the body itself. Minerals: many minerals such as sodium, iron and zinc etc are also essential nutrients. Pregnant women may suffer from low iron levels as they need to transport oxygen to the foetus through their blood. How do animals get the molecules into their cells: feeding, breakdown, absorption.
