BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Melanin, Chromosome Abnormality, Mitosis
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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes
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Mutations or errors in dna that are not corrected. The cell fixes most errors through repair mechanisms. Somatic cell = passed on to progeny of those cells only through mitotic division; not passed on to progeny. Germ cell = passed on to progeny and will affect future generations. Genetic variation: genetic differences that exist among individuals in a population at a particular point in time. Genotype: the ge(cid:374)eti(cid:272) (cid:373)akeup of a (cid:272)ell o(cid:396) o(cid:396)ga(cid:374)is(cid:373) phe(cid:374)ot(cid:455)pe: a(cid:374) i(cid:374)di(cid:448)idual"s o(cid:271)se(cid:396)(cid:448)a(cid:271)le characteristics (e. g. , weight, eye color) genetic variation = variety of different genotypes = variety of different phenotypes. Most genetic variation comes from non coding regions. Mutation is the ultimate source of variation in genotypes. Common genetic differences that exist between individuals = polymorphisms differences are typically seen at single nucleotides. = single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) its so common we call it a polymorphism. Mostly occurs outside coding regions but can affect coding regions.
