SOC205H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: The Kallikak Family, Physical Attractiveness, Pauperism
Document Summary
Modern criminology is the product of 2 main schools of thoughts: the classical school originating in the 18th century (late 1700s + early 1800s, the positivist school originating in the 19th century (mid 1800s early 1900s) All modern criminal justice systems in the world assume the classical position that persons are free agents who deserve to be punished when they transgress the law. Main differences between classical + positivist schools of criminology. Classical school: assumes everyone is a rational actor + acts upon free will. Focus on individual factors rooted in biological + psychological + social explanations. Focus on social relations that affect power + inequality. Biological: lo(cid:373)(cid:271)roso(cid:859)s (cid:272)ri(cid:373)i(cid:374)al (cid:373)a(cid:374, heldo(cid:374)(cid:859)s (cid:271)od(cid:455) t(cid:455)pes theor(cid:455) Social: social disorganization theory, utherla(cid:374)d(cid:859)s differe(cid:374)tial asso(cid:272)iatio(cid:374, merto(cid:374)(cid:859)s trai(cid:374) theor(cid:455, hirs(cid:272)hi(cid:859)s o(cid:272)ial co(cid:374)trol theor(cid:455) The birth of the positivist school: lo(cid:373)broso"s theory of the cri(cid:373)i(cid:374)al ma(cid:374)
