SOC205H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hedonism, Jeremy Bentham, Totalitarianism
Document Summary
Criminology is the body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon. It includes within its scope the process of making laws + of breaking laws + of reaction toward the breaking of laws. The object of criminology is the development of a body of general + verified principles + other types of knowledge regarding the process of law + crime + treatment. Early theories of crime tended to locate the cause of crime within individuals- in their souls + wills + bodies. Hea(cid:448)(cid:455) fo(cid:272)us i(cid:374) (cid:862)weste(cid:396)(cid:374)(cid:863) so(cid:272)ieties o(cid:374) judeo-christian norms + biblical values and mores. Stressed the conflict btw good + evil: ppl who committed crimes were thought to be possessed by evil spirits (sinful demons, (cid:862)de(cid:448)il (cid:373)ade (cid:373)e do it(cid:863) e(cid:454)pla(cid:374)atio(cid:374)s. Punishment by spirits through famine + droughts. Use of trial by ordeal; those who survive were innocent. The(cid:455) late(cid:396) sta(cid:396)ted to use the (cid:862)(cid:1005)(cid:1006) ppl to testif(cid:455) the a(cid:272)(cid:272)used i(cid:374)(cid:374)o(cid:272)e(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:863)
