ENV201H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Kyoto Protocol, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Razorback Sucker
Document Summary
Shift towards bottom up approach: inclusions of different interests. Arnstein"s ladder: weakest to strongest form of stakeholder participation. Non-participation: therapy and manipulation; education of stakeholders but not asking for their input (rubber stamp committee); identified as manipulation of stakeholder process; provides platform for people to participate but don"t take their input. Token participation: way for stakeholders to express their opinion and have their input be incorporation; most often this occurs; solicitation of input but ultimately not submitting their input ; placation and consultation. Citizen power: most powerful, stakeholders actually given authority to make decisions and negotiate a plan. Passive + active information: used for non participation, educational. Small + large groups: used for token participation, used to solicit input. Small + large group problem solving: citizen power; sit around a table pathways and negotiate. Timing of participation: influences outcome and indicates how much power stakeholders are getting. Early: asking questions that don"t have wrong/right answers.
