ANT202H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Maurice Wilkins, Okazaki Fragments, Linus Pauling
Document Summary
Biological basis of life part i: basic units of life = cells. 2 types: prokaryote - unicellular organisms that lack nuclear membrane. E. g. bacteria & blue-green algae: eukaryote - any organism with cells that has nucleus & membrane-bound organelles. Reproduce asexually through mitosis & sexually through meiosis. Deoxyribonucleic acid (dna: most in nucleus of cells, small amount of mitochondria, genetic code & means to translate code. Info for building, operating & repairing organisms: genetic inheritance = transmission of info needed for biological structures (dna is necessary to understand the whole idea of genetic variation) Discovery of the structure of dna: watson & francis crick (modelled double helix, rosalind franklin (found evidence of helix, maurice wilkins (first clear x-ray of dna) Structure of dna: nitrogenous bases = ring compounds. Purines or pyrimidines: 4 bases = a, t, g, c, proteins - made of amino acids. Each amino acid coded for by 3 or 4 chemical bases.
