PHI 1102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Experience Machine, John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham

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He wanted to take the theory out of theorycism: a theory of knowledge that says we can only know that things are real if we can touch things. He looked at moral ideas and tried to ground them into things that seem real. Motivation: simplify morality into an easily usable principle of action (incomp) The basic motivation is crafting utilitarianism as a theory is that they look at our common sense morality. Ex: good and evil good and bad. Good and bad = pleasure and pain. Tries to simplify morality into a simple concept. The principle of utility (the greatest happiness principle): actions are right (only) in proportion as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness (pain). (mill, cp p. 3) Utilitarianism is a consequential theory: it is concerned where principles of actions are right to do because of the results they produce. (incomp) He did not see a difference between human beings and animals.

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